Macular degeneration is a deterioration or breakdown of the macula.  The macula is a small area in the retina at the back of the eye that allows you to see fine details clearly and perform activities such as reading and driving.  When the macula does not function correctly, your central vision can be affected by blurriness, dark areas or distortion. 

The two most common types of AMD are “dry” and “wet.”  Most people have the “dry” form of AMD.  It is caused by aging and thinning of the tissues of the macula.  Vision loss is usually gradual.  The “wet” form of macular degeneration accounts for about 10% of all AMD cases.  It results when abnormal blood vessels form underneath the retina at the back of the eye.  These new blood vessels leak fluid or blood and blur central vision.  Vision loss may be rapid and severe. 

Certain types of “wet” macular degeneration can be treated with laser surgery.  Another form of treatment targets a specific chemical in your body that is critical in causing abnormal blood vessels to grow under the retina.  The chemical is called vascular endothelial growth (VEGF).  Anti-VEGF drugs block the growth of abnormal blood vessels and slowing their leakage. 

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